izindaba

Isisekelo esiyinhloko sezobuchwepheshe sokukhetha ikhebula le-coaxial ngenjongo ethile yizindawo zayo zikagesi, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezici zemvelo.Kwezinye izindawo, ukusebenza komlilo nakho kubalulekile.Zonke lezi zakhiwo zincike esakhiweni sekhebula kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.
Izici zikagesi ezibaluleke kakhulu zekhebula ukuncishiswa okuphansi, i-impedance efanayo, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokubuyisela, kanye nephuzu eliyinhloko lekhebula lokuvuza ukulahlekelwa kwayo kokuhlanganisa.Izakhiwo ezibaluleke kakhulu zemishini ziyizakhiwo eziguquguqukayo (ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi), amandla aqinile, amandla okucindezela nokumelana nokugqoka.Amakhebuli kufanele futhi akwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi zemvelo ngesikhathi sokuthutha, ukugcinwa, ukufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa.Lawa mandla angase abe ngenxa yesimo sezulu, noma angaba umphumela wokusabela kwamakhemikhali noma kwezemvelo.Uma ikhebula lifakwe endaweni enezidingo eziphakeme zokuphepha komlilo, ukusebenza kwayo komlilo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu, phakathi kwazo izici ezintathu ezibaluleke kakhulu: ukulibaziseka ukuvutha, ukushuba kwentuthu kanye nokukhululwa kwegesi ye-halogen.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wekhebula ukudlulisa amasignali, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi isakhiwo sekhebula nezinto zokwakha zinikeze izici ezinhle zokudlulisela kuyo yonke impilo yekhebula, okuzoxoxwa ngayo ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
1. Umqhubi wangaphakathi
I-Copper iyinto eyinhloko yomqhubi wangaphakathi, engaba ngamafomu alandelayo: ucingo lwe-annealed copper, ithubhu yethusi ehlanganisiwe, ucingo lwe-aluminium oluhlanganiswe ngethusi.Ngokuvamile, i-conductor yangaphakathi yezintambo ezincane iyintambo yethusi noma i-copper-clad aluminium wire, kuyilapho izintambo ezinkulu zisebenzisa amashubhu ethusi ukunciphisa isisindo sekhebula kanye nezindleko.I-conductor yangaphandle yekhebula enkulu inemigqa, ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza okuhle okwanele kokugoba.
Umqhubi wangaphakathi unethonya elikhulu ekudluliseni isignali ngoba ukuncishiswa kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukulahlekelwa kokumelana komqhubi wangaphakathi.I-conductivity, ikakhulukazi i-surface conductivity, kufanele ibe phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi imfuneko evamile i-58MS / m (+20 ℃), ngoba imvamisa ephezulu, yamanje idluliselwa kuphela ngesendlalelo esincane endaweni yomqhubi, lesi simo. ibizwa ngokuthi umphumela wesikhumba, futhi ukushuba okusebenzayo kongqimba lwamanje kubizwa ngokuthi ukujula kwesikhumba.Ithebula 1 libonisa amanani okujula kwesikhumba amashubhu ethusi nezintambo ze-aluminium ezigqoke ithusi njengamakhondaktha angaphakathi kumafrikhwensi athile.
Izinga lezinto zethusi ezisetshenziswa kumqhubi wangaphakathi liphezulu kakhulu, lidinga ukuthi impahla yethusi kufanele ingabi nokungcola, futhi ubuso buhlanzekile, bushelelezi futhi bushelelezi.Ububanzi be-conductor yangaphakathi kufanele buzinzile ngokubekezelela okuncane.Noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kobubanzi kuzonciphisa ukufana kwe-impedance kanye nokulahlekelwa kokubuyisela, ngakho inqubo yokukhiqiza kufanele ilawulwe ngokunembile.

2. Umqhubi wangaphandle
I-conductor yangaphandle inemisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo: eyokuqala umsebenzi we-loop conductor, kanti eyesibili umsebenzi wokuvikela.Ikhondaktha yangaphandle yekhebula evuzayo iphinde inqume ukusebenza kwayo okuvuzayo.Ikhondaktha yangaphandle yekhebula le-coaxial feeder kanye nekhebuli eguquguqukayo kakhulu ishiselwa ngepayipi lethusi eligoqiwe.I-conductor yangaphandle yalezi zintambo ivaliwe ngokuphelele, engavumeli noma yimiphi imisebe evela kukhebula.
I-conductor yangaphandle ivame ukumbozwa ngobude nge-copper tape.Kunamanotshi angama-longitudinal noma anqamulayo noma izimbobo kungqimba lwekhondatha yangaphandle.I-grooving ye-conductor yangaphandle kuvamile kukhebula likathayela.Iziqongo zokubolekwa zakhiwa imifantu yokusika elinganayo eduze kwe-axial direction.Ingxenye yengxenye esikiwe incane, futhi isikhala se-slot sincane kakhulu kunobude begagasi logesi obudlulisiwe.
Ngokusobala, ikhebula elingavuzi lingenziwa libe yikhebula elivuzayo ngokulikhanda ngale ndlela elandelayo: ukuphakama kwegagasi legagasi langaphandle lekhebula likathayela elivamile kukhebula elingavuzi lisikwa nge-engeli engu-120 degrees ukuze kutholwe isethi efanelekile. isakhiwo slot.
Ukuma, ububanzi kanye nesakhiwo sesikhala sekhebuli evuzayo inquma inkomba yayo yokusebenza.
Izinto zethusi zomqhubi wangaphandle kufanele futhi zibe nekhwalithi enhle, ene-conductivity ephezulu futhi kungabikho ukungcola.Usayizi wekhondatha wangaphandle kufanele ulawulwe ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwebanga lokubekezelelana ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-impedance yesici efanayo kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphezulu kokubuyisela.
Izinzuzo zokushisela umqhubi wangaphandle weshubhu yethusi eligoqiwe zimi kanje:
Kuvalwe ngokuphelele I-conductor yangaphandle evikeleke ngokuphelele engenamisebe futhi evimbela umswakama ukuthi ungangeni.
Ingangenwa amanzi ngobude ngenxa yothayela bendandatho
Izakhiwo zemishini zizinzile kakhulu
Amandla aphezulu emishini
Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugoba
Ukuxhumana kulula futhi kuthembekile
Ikhebula le-super flexible line-radius encane egobayo ngenxa ye-spiral corrugation ejulile

3, insulating medium
I-Rf coaxial cable medium ikude nje nokudlala indima yokufakwa kwe-insulation, ukusebenza kokugcina kokudlulisa kunqunywa ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokufakwa, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphakathi nendawo kubaluleke kakhulu.Zonke izakhiwo ezibalulekile, njengokuncishiswa, i-impedance kanye nokulahlekelwa ukubuya, zincike kakhulu ekugxilweni.
Izidingo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-insulation yilezi:
I-dielectric isihlobo esiphansi esingaguquki kanye nokulahlekelwa okuncane kwe-dielectric I-angle factor yokuqinisekisa ukuncishiswa okuncane
Isakhiwo siyahambisana ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-impedance efanayo kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-echo
Izakhiwo ezizinzile zemishini yokuqinisekisa impilo ende
ungangeni manzi
Ukufakwa kwegwebu okuphezulu ngokomzimba kungahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ezingenhla.Ngobuchwepheshe be-extrusion obuthuthukisiwe kanye nomjovo wegesi nezinto ezikhethekile, idigri yokugwedla ingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-80%, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kukagesi kuseduze nekhebula lokufaka umoya.Endleleni yomjovo wegesi, i-nitrogen ijovwa ngokuqondile ezintweni eziphakathi nendawo ku-extruder, eyaziwa nangokuthi indlela yokwenza amagwebu ngokomzimba.Uma kuqhathaniswa nale ndlela yokwenza amagwebu amakhemikhali, idigri yayo yokugwebu ingafinyelela cishe ku-50%, ukulahlekelwa okuphakathi kukhulu.Isakhiwo segwebu esitholwe ngendlela yokujova igesi siyahambisana, okusho ukuthi ukuvimba kwayo kufana futhi ukulahlekelwa kwe-echo kukhulu.
Izintambo zethu ze-RF zinezakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu ngenxa ye-engeli encane yokulahlekelwa yi-dielectric kanye nezinga elikhulu lezinto zokufaka amagwebu.Izici ze-medium enegwebu zibaluleke kakhulu kumafrikhwensi aphezulu.Yilesi sakhiwo esinegwebu esikhethekile esinquma ukusebenza okuphansi kakhulu kokunciphisa ikhebula kumafrikhwensi aphezulu.
Ukufakwa okuyingqayizivele kwe-MULTI-LAYER (INNER THIN LAYER - FOAMING layer - ungqimba oluncane olungaphandle) inqubo ye-co-extrusion ingathola umfaniswano, isakhiwo se-foam esivaliwe, esinezakhiwo ezizinzile zemishini, amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle komswakama nezinye izici.Ukuze senze ikhebula lisagcine ukusebenza kahle kukagesi endaweni enomswakama, siklame ngokukhethekile uhlobo lwekhebula: ungqimba oluncane lwe-PE eqinile ye-core yengezwe phezu kongqimba lwe-foam insulation.Lesi sendlalelo sangaphandle esincanyana sivimbela ukungena komswakama futhi sivikela ukusebenza kukagesi kwekhebula kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhiqiza.Lo mklamo ubaluleke kakhulu ezintanjeni ezivuzayo ezinamakhondatha angaphandle anezimbobo.Ukwengeza, ungqimba lokufakelwa luboshwe ngokuqinile ku-conductor yangaphakathi ngesendlalelo sangaphakathi esincane, esithuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukuzinza kwemishini yekhebula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba oluncane luqukethe i-stabilizer ekhethekile, engaqinisekisa ukuhambisana nethusi futhi iqinisekise impilo ende yesevisi yekhebula lethu.Khetha impahla efanele yengqimba encane yangaphakathi, ingathola izakhiwo ezanelisayo, njengokuthi: ukumelana nomswakama, ukunamathela nokuzinza.
Lo mklamo wokufakwa kwezingqimba eziningi (ungqimba olungaphakathi oluncane oluncane - ungqimba lwegwebu - ungqimba olungaphandle oluncanyana) lungafinyelela kokubili izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zikagesi kanye nezakhiwo ezizinzile zemishini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe impilo yesevisi yesikhathi eside nokuthembeka kwezintambo zethu ze-RF.

4, igoda
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zesheath kumakhebuli angaphandle i-polyethylene emnyama enomugqa ophansi, enobunzima obufana ne-LDPE kodwa amandla aqathaniswa ne-HDPE.Esikhundleni salokho, kwezinye izimo, sikhetha i-HDPE, ehlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezingcono zemishini kanye nokumelana nokungqubuzana, amakhemikhali, umswakama, nezimo zemvelo ezahlukene.
I-HDPE emnyama enobufakazi be-Uv ingamelana nezingcindezi zesimo sezulu njengamazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu nemisebe ye-UV eyeqisayo.Uma ugcizelela ukuphepha komlilo kwezintambo, izinto ezivimbela amalangabi e-halogen ephansi kufanele zisetshenziswe.Ezintamboni ezivuzayo, ukuze kuncishiswe ukusabalala komlilo, itheyiphu evimbela umlilo ingasetshenziswa phakathi kwe-conductor yangaphandle kanye ne-sheath ukuze kugcinwe ungqimba lwe-insulation okulula ukuncibilika kukhebula.

5, ukusebenza komlilo
Izintambo ezivuzayo zivame ukufakwa ezindaweni ezinezidingo eziphakeme zokuphepha emlilweni.Ukuphepha kwekhebula elifakiwe kuhlobene nokusebenza komlilo kwekhebula ngokwayo kanye nendawo yokufaka.Ukuvutha, ukuminyana kwentuthu kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi ye-halogen yizici ezintathu ezibalulekile ezihlobene nokusebenza komlilo wekhebula.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sheathing ye-flame retardant kanye nokusetshenziswa kwebhande lokuhlukanisa umlilo lapho udlula odongeni kungavimbela ilangabi ukuthi lingasakazeki eduze kwentambo.Ukuhlola ukuvutha okuphansi kakhulu ukuhlolwa kokuvutha okuqondile kwekhebula elilodwa ngokwezinga le-IEC332-1.Zonke izintambo zasendlini kufanele zihlangabezane nale mfuneko.Isidingo esiqine kakhulu sihambisana nokuhlolwa kwe-IEC332-5 okujwayelekile kwenqwaba.Kulokhu kuhlolwa, izintambo zishiswa ziqonde zibe yizinqwaba, futhi ubude bokusha abuvunyelwe ukudlula inani elishiwo.Inombolo yezintambo ihlobene nezicaciso zekhebula lokuhlola.Ubuningi bentuthu ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwekhebula kufanele kucatshangelwe.Intuthu ibonakala iphansi, iphunga elimnandi, futhi kulula ukuyibangela izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nokwethuka, ngakho izoletha ubunzima bokuhlenga nomsebenzi wokucisha umlilo.Ukuminyana kwentuthu yezintambo ezivuthayo kuhlolwa ngokuya ngamandla okudlulisa ukukhanya kwe-IEC 1034-1 kanye ne-IEC 1034-2, futhi inani elijwayelekile lokudluliswa kokukhanya kwezintambo ezinentuthu encane likhulu kuno-60%.
I-PVC ingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-IEC 332-1 kanye ne-IEC 332-3.Kuyinto evamile futhi evamile ye-sheath yezintambo zasendlini, kodwa ayilungile futhi ingabangela ukufa kalula uma ucabangela ukuphepha emlilweni.Uma ishiselwa ezingeni elithile lokushisa eliphezulu, i-PVC izokwehlisa futhi ikhiqize ama-halogen acid.Lapho ikhebula le-PVC elicwebezelayo lishiswa, i-1 kg ye-PVC izokhiqiza i-1 kg ye-halogen acid ene-concentration ye-30% kuhlanganise namanzi.Ngenxa yalesi simo sokubola nobuthi be-PVC, isidingo samakhebula angenayo i-halogen sikhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva.Inani le-halogen likalwa ngokwezinga le-IEC 754-1.Uma inani le-halogen acid elikhishwe yizo zonke izinto ngesikhathi sokusha alidluli i-5mg/g, ikhebula libhekwa njenge-halogen mahhala.
Izinto zekhebula ze-halogen-free flame retardant (HFFR) ngokuvamile ziyinhlanganisela ye-pololefin enama-mineral fillers, njenge-aluminium hydroxide.Lawa ma-filler abhidliza umlilo, akhiqize i-aluminium oxide nomhwamuko wamanzi, okuvimba ngempumelelo umlilo ukuthi ungabhebhetheki.Imikhiqizo evuthayo ye-filler ne-polymer matrix ayinabo ubuthi, ayinalo i-halogen futhi intuthu ephansi.
Ukuphepha komlilo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwekhebula kuhlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
Ekupheleni kwekhebula, izintambo zangaphandle kufanele zixhunywe ezintanjeni ezivikelekile emlilweni
Gwema ukufakwa emakamelweni nasezindaweni ezinengozi yomlilo
Umgoqo womlilo odongeni kufanele ukwazi ukuvutha isikhathi eside ngokwanele futhi ube ne-insulation yokushisa nokuqina komoya
Ukuphepha nakho kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokufakwa